| Intangible Assets |
(8)ÌýÌýÌýIntangible Assets
Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:
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ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
SIRIUSÌýXM Holdings |
ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
Formula 1 |
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Other |
ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
Total |
Ìý |
​ |
​ |
amountsÌýinÌýmillions |
​ |
Balance at JanuaryÌý1, 2019 |
​ |
$ |
14,250 |
Ìý |
3,956 |
​ |
180 |
Ìý |
18,386 |
​ |
Acquisition (a) |
​ |
Ìý |
1,566 |
Ìý |
— |
​ |
— |
Ìý |
1,566 |
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Balance at September 30, 2019 |
​ |
$ |
15,816 |
Ìý |
3,956 |
​ |
180 |
Ìý |
19,952 |
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| (a) |
See note 3 for details regarding SIRIUS XM Holdings’ acquisition of Pandora. |
Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization
On February 1, 2019, SIRIUS XM Holdings recorded $331 million of tradenames related to the Pandora acquisition. See note 3 for details regarding the acquisition of Pandora.
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization
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September 30, 2019 |
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December 31, 2018 |
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ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
Gross |
ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
​ |
ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
Net |
ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
Gross |
ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
​ |
ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
Net |
Ìý |
​ |
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carrying |
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Accumulated |
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carrying |
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carrying |
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Accumulated |
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carrying |
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amount |
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amortization |
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amount |
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amount |
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amortization |
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amount |
​ |
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amountsÌýinÌýmillions |
​ |
FIA Agreement |
​ |
$ |
3,630 |
​ |
(494) |
​ |
3,136 |
​ |
3,630 |
​ |
(346) |
​ |
3,284 |
​ |
Customer relationships |
​ |
​ |
3,086 |
​ |
(1,040) |
​ |
2,046 |
Ìý |
2,684 |
Ìý |
(795) |
Ìý |
1,889 |
​ |
Licensing agreements |
​ |
Ìý |
316 |
​ |
(179) |
​ |
137 |
Ìý |
316 |
Ìý |
(162) |
Ìý |
154 |
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Other |
​ |
Ìý |
1,577 |
​ |
(817) |
​ |
760 |
Ìý |
1,047 |
Ìý |
(659) |
Ìý |
388 |
​ |
Total |
​ |
$ |
8,609 |
​ |
(2,530) |
​ |
6,079 |
Ìý |
7,677 |
Ìý |
(1,962) |
Ìý |
5,715 |
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Amortization expense for intangible assets with finite useful lives was $204 million and $170 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $593 million and $492 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Based on its amortizable intangible assets as of September 30, 2019, Liberty expects that amortization expense will be as follows for the next five years (amounts in millions):
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Remainder of 2019 |
ÌýÌýÌýÌý |
$ |
202 |
Ìý |
2020 |
​ |
$ |
801 |
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2021 |
​ |
$ |
664 |
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2022 |
​ |
$ |
574 |
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2023 |
​ |
$ |
536 |
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